空气净化器主要种类
Main types of air purifiers
空气净化器的 工作原理来看，主要分为三种：被动式、主动式、主被动混合式。
According to the working principle of air purifier, it can be divided into three types: passive, active and passive.
根据空气净化器针对空气中颗粒物去除技术，主要有机械滤网式、静电驻极滤网式、高压静电集尘、负离子和等离子体法等。
According to the particulate matter removal technology of air purifier, there are mainly mechanical filter, electrostatic electret filter, high voltage electrostatic dust collection, negative ion and plasma method.
机械过滤
Mechanical filtration
一般主要通过以下4种方式捕获微粒：直接拦截，惯性碰撞，布朗扩散机理，筛选效应，其对细小颗粒物收集效果好但风阻大，为了获得高的净化效率，滤网的阻力较大，而且滤网需要致密导致寿命降低，需定期更换。
Generally, particles are captured by four ways: direct interception, inertial collision, Brownian diffusion mechanism and screening effect. They have good collection effect on fine particles but strong wind resistance. In order to obtain high purification efficiency, the resistance of the filter is larger, and the filter needs to be compacted to reduce its life, so it needs to be replaced regularly.
高压静电集尘
High Voltage Electrostatic Dust Collection
利用高压静电场使气体电离从而使尘粒带电吸附到电极上的收尘方法，其风阻虽小但对较大颗粒和纤维捕集效果差，会引起放电，且清洗麻烦费时，易产生臭氧，形成二次污染。
The method of collecting dust by using high voltage electrostatic field to ionize gas so that dust particles can be charged and adsorbed on the electrode. Although the wind resistance is small, the effect of collecting larger particles and fibers is poor. It will cause discharges, and the cleaning is troublesome and time-consuming. Ozone is easy to be produced, resulting in secondary pollution.
“高压静电集尘”是一种既能确保风量又能吸附微细颗粒的方式。这是在颗粒经过滤芯之前通过加载高电压使其带电，使颗粒在电的作用下“容易吸附”到滤芯上的方式。
"High-voltage electrostatic dust collection" is a way that can not only ensure air flow but also absorb fine particles. This is the way that particles are charged by loading high voltage before passing through the filter core, which makes them "easily adsorbed" to the filter core under the action of electricity.
高压电集尘部分原本是向两个电极施加高电压，在两极放电之时，使通过的尘埃带电。大部分灰尘原本都是中性或带弱电荷，因此，滤芯只能过滤到比网眼大的灰尘。但缩小滤芯的网眼又会造成阻塞。高压静电集尘方式能够令尘埃带电，在电的作用下，吸附到经过特殊加工、永久带电的滤芯之上，因此，即使滤芯的网眼偏大（粗），也能够确实捕获到尘埃。
The high-voltage dust collection part was originally applied high voltage to the two electrodes to make the passing dust charged when the two electrodes discharged. Most of the dust is neutral or weakly charged, so the filter element can only filter to dust larger than the mesh. But narrowing the mesh of the filter element will cause blockage. High voltage electrostatic dust collection can make the dust charged. Under the action of electricity, the dust can be adsorbed on the special processed and permanently charged filter element. Therefore, even if the mesh of the filter element is too large (thick), it can actually capture the dust.
静电驻极式滤网
Electrostatic electret filter
相对机械式过滤能仅可有效地去除10微米以上的颗粒物，而当颗粒物的粒径除至5微米，2微米甚至亚微米的范围时，高效的机械式过滤系统就会变得比较昂贵，且风阻会显著增加。通过静电驻极空气过滤材料过滤，能以较低的能源消耗达到很高的捕获效率，同时兼具静电除尘低风阻的优点，但无需外接上万伏的电压，故不会产生臭氧，且由于其组成为聚丙烯材质，很方便抛弃处理。
Compared with mechanical filtration, it can remove more than 10 micron particles effectively. When the particle size is divided into 5 micron, 2 micron or even sub-micron, the efficient mechanical filtration system will become more expensive, and the wind resistance will increase significantly. Through electrostatic electret air filter material filtration, it can achieve high capture efficiency with low energy consumption, and has the advantages of electrostatic precipitation and low wind resistance, but it does not need to be connected with tens of thousands of volts of voltage, so it will not produce ozone, and because its composition is polypropylene material, it is very convenient to dispose of.
静电除尘
Electrostatic precipitator
能过滤比细胞还小的灰尘、烟雾和细菌，防止肺病、肺癌肝癌等疾病。空气里对人体最 有害的是小于2.5微米的灰尘，因其能穿透细胞，进入血液。普通净化机采用 滤纸来过滤空气中的灰尘，极易堵塞滤孔，灰尘不仅没有灭菌效果，而且容易造成二次污染。
It can filter dust, smoke and bacteria smaller than cells to prevent lung disease, lung cancer, liver cancer and other diseases. The most harmful thing in the air is dust less than 2.5 microns, because it can penetrate cells and enter the blood. Ordinary purifier uses filter paper to filter the dust in the air. It is easy to clog the filter hole. Dust not only has no sterilization effect, but also causes secondary pollution.